Male-to-female (MTF) vaginoplasty is a gender-affirming surgical procedure that involves constructing a vagina and external genitalia for individuals assigned male at birth but identify as female. It is a part of gender confirmation surgery for transgender women, also known as MTF transgender individuals.
Vaginoplasty is a complex surgical procedure that aims to create a functional and aesthetically pleasing vagina that closely resembles the anatomical features of cisgender women (those assigned female at birth). The surgery involves several steps, which may vary depending on the specific surgical technique used by the surgeon and the individual’s unique anatomy.
The main components of MTF vaginoplasty typically include:
- Penile Inversion Technique: This is the most common technique used for vaginoplasty. It involves using the penile and scrotal tissue to create the neovagina. The penile skin is inverted to form the vaginal lining, while the scrotal skin is used to construct the labia majora.
- Clitoroplasty: A clitoris is created using the sensitive glans of the penis. The size and sensitivity of the clitoris vary depending on the amount of erectile tissue preserved during the surgery.
- Urethroplasty: The urethra is repositioned to allow for a natural direction of urine flow. The urethral opening is usually placed within the neovagina to allow for a more anatomically typical appearance.
- Vaginal Depth: Surgeons aim to create a neovagina with sufficient depth to allow for comfortable sexual intercourse and the use of vaginal dilators during the recovery process.
- Labiaplasty: The labia minora may be constructed using additional tissue from the scrotum or other areas to provide a natural appearance.
MTF vaginoplasty is a complex and delicate surgical procedure that requires a skilled and experienced surgical team. The recovery period can be significant, and individuals usually require post-operative care, including dilation and follow-up visits.
Before undergoing MTF vaginoplasty, individuals must go through a comprehensive evaluation process, including psychological assessments, hormone therapy, and a period of living in their affirmed gender role. This evaluation process is crucial to ensure that the individual is well-informed, prepared, and ready for the surgery.
It’s important for individuals considering MTF vaginoplasty to consult with experienced gender-affirming surgeons and discuss the potential risks, benefits, and expected outcomes of the surgery. As with any surgical procedure, there are potential risks and complications, and the decision to undergo vaginoplasty should be made with careful consideration and in collaboration with a knowledgeable healthcare team.