Facial Masculinization Surgery (FMS) carries risks and potential complications, as with any surgical procedure. The specific risks can vary depending on the type and extent of the FMS procedures performed, the individual’s health status, and how well they follow the post-operative care instructions. Some potential risks and complications of FMS include:

  1. Infection: Surgical procedures always carry a risk of infection. Proper wound care and adherence to post-operative instructions can help reduce this risk.
  2. Bleeding: Excessive bleeding during or after surgery is possible. Surgeons take measures to control bleeding during the procedure and closely monitor patients during the recovery period.
  3. Nerve Injury: Nerves in the face may be affected during FMS, leading to temporary or, rarely, permanent sensory or motor nerve damage.
  4. Scarring: FMS procedures involve incisions, and scarring is an inevitable part of the healing process. Surgeons aim to make incisions in inconspicuous locations, but individual healing responses can vary.
  5. Asymmetry: Achieving perfect facial symmetry is challenging. Some degree of asymmetry may persist after surgery.
  6. Pain and Discomfort: Patients can experience pain and discomfort during the recovery period. Pain management techniques are used to help alleviate discomfort.
  7. Hematoma or Seroma: Collection of blood (hematoma) or fluid (seroma) under the skin may occur and may require drainage.
  8. Skin Necrosis: In rare cases, reduced blood flow to the skin may lead to skin tissue death (skin necrosis).
  9. Unsatisfactory Results: Despite the surgeon’s best efforts, individual healing responses and other factors can lead to results that are different from what the patient envisioned.
  10. Anesthesia Complications: Both general and local anesthesia carry their own set of risks and potential complications.

It’s essential for patients considering FMS to have a thorough understanding of the potential risks and complications. They should choose an experienced and qualified surgeon specializing in FMS to minimize the risks and increase the likelihood of a successful outcome.

Patients should also disclose their complete medical history and any pre-existing health conditions to their surgeon. This information helps the surgical team make well-informed decisions and ensure the safety of the patient throughout the FMS process. Following the surgeon’s pre-operative and post-operative instructions diligently is crucial for minimizing the risks and achieving the best possible results.