Transitioning from female to male (FTM) can involve various medical and surgical procedures. These procedures are aimed at aligning an individual’s physical body with their gender identity. Here’s a brief overview of the surgical procedures involved in FTM transitions:
- Mastectomy (Top Surgery):
- This surgery involves the removal of breast tissue and contouring of the chest to create a male-looking chest.
- There are different methods for this surgery depending on the size and shape of the chest, with the two primary techniques being the double incision method (with nipple grafts) and the peri-areolar or keyhole methods (for smaller chests).
- Hysterectomy and Oophorectomy:
- Hysterectomy involves the removal of the uterus. There are several methods of performing a hysterectomy, which can include removal of just the uterus, or also the cervix.
- Oophorectomy is the removal of the ovaries. These procedures prevent menstruation and the production of hormones like estrogen.
- Genital Reconstructive Surgeries:
- Metoidioplasty: This procedure uses the testosterone-enlarged clitoris to create a neophallus (new penis). Depending on the specifics of the surgery, it can also involve creating a scrotum (from the labia majora) and placing testicular implants, as well as lengthening the urethra to allow for urination through the neophallus.
- Phalloplasty: This involves constructing a neophallus from a graft taken from another part of the body, often the forearm or thigh. Like with metoidioplasty, a scrotum can be created, testicular implants placed, and the urethra extended.
- Vaginectomy: This is the removal or closure of the vaginal canal, often done in conjunction with one of the above procedures.
- Facial and Body Contouring:
- Though not as common as other surgeries, some individuals opt for procedures like liposuction, pectoral implants, or facial contouring to achieve a more masculine appearance.
- Hair Transplants:
- For those who wish to have a more traditionally male pattern of hair, especially facial hair, hair transplants can be an option.
It’s essential to understand that every transgender individual’s journey is unique. Not all transgender men will want or pursue all (or any) of these surgeries. Many factors play into these decisions, including personal feelings about gender, body image, and practical or medical considerations.
If someone is considering any of these procedures, it’s crucial to consult with medical professionals who are experienced in transgender healthcare and surgeries. They can provide detailed information about the risks, benefits, costs, and expected outcomes of each procedure. Additionally, therapy or counseling is often recommended or required before undergoing surgical transition steps to ensure mental and emotional readiness.