The process of gender-affirming surgery for transgender women, also known as male-to-female (MTF) surgery or gender confirmation surgery, typically involves several procedures to help align the physical characteristics of the body with the individual’s gender identity. Here are the common surgical procedures involved:
- Orchiectomy: This procedure involves the removal of the testes, which reduces the production of testosterone. It is usually one of the first surgical steps and helps to halt the effects of male hormones on the body.
- Vaginoplasty: Vaginoplasty is a surgical procedure that creates a neovagina, or surgically constructed vagina. There are different techniques, but the most common method is penile inversion vaginoplasty. This procedure involves using the penile and scrotal tissue to create the vaginal canal and labia. The glans of the penis is often repurposed to form a clitoral structure.
- Labiaplasty: Labiaplasty involves shaping and contouring the labia minora and labia majora to create more feminine genitalia. This procedure can enhance the aesthetic appearance and functionality of the labial structures.
- Clitoroplasty: Clitoroplasty involves creating a clitoral hood and clitoral glans using sensitive tissue from the head of the penis. The size and sensitivity of the clitoral structure can vary depending on individual preferences and surgical techniques.
In addition to these primary procedures, some individuals may choose to undergo other surgeries such as breast augmentation to enhance breast size and shape, facial feminization surgery (FFS) to feminize facial features, and tracheal shave to reduce the prominence of the Adam’s apple.
It’s important to note that gender-affirming surgery is a personal decision and should be discussed with a qualified healthcare provider who specializes in transgender healthcare. The specific procedures performed and the order in which they are done may vary depending on individual preferences, medical considerations, and the expertise of the healthcare provider. Recovery times and potential risks and complications associated with these procedures should also be thoroughly discussed with the healthcare team.