For individuals transitioning from female to male (FTM), testosterone is the primary hormone used. The goal of testosterone therapy is to induce male secondary sex characteristics. Here are the effects and considerations associated with testosterone therapy:
Effects of Testosterone:
- Voice Deepening: One of the most noticeable changes is the deepening of the voice.
- Facial/Body Hair Growth: Testosterone can lead to the growth of facial and body hair. However, the extent and pattern of growth can vary among individuals.
- Redistribution of Body Fat: Testosterone can cause a more “masculine” distribution of body fat, leading to decreased fat in the hips and thighs and increased abdominal fat.
- Muscle Growth: Increased muscle mass and strength can be observed.
- Menstrual Cessation: Testosterone therapy typically leads to the cessation of menstrual periods.
- Clitoral Enlargement: The clitoris may increase in size.
- Scalp Hair Thinning: Some individuals might experience male-pattern baldness or hair thinning.
- Skin Changes: The skin can become rougher, and there might be an increase in acne.
- Increased Sex Drive: Many report an increase in libido.
- Mood and Emotional Changes: Some individuals notice changes in their mood, though experiences can vary widely.
- Vaginal Atrophy: Testosterone can lead to thinning of vaginal tissue and decreased vaginal lubrication.
Other Considerations:
- Route of Administration: Testosterone can be administered in various forms, including injections (most common), gels, patches, and subdermal implants.
- Permanent vs. Temporary Changes: Some effects, like voice deepening and facial/body hair growth, are permanent, while others, such as fat distribution and muscle growth, may revert if testosterone is stopped.
- Risks and Side Effects: Like all hormone therapies, testosterone comes with potential side effects. Risks can include increased red blood cell count (polycythemia), altered lipid profiles, liver dysfunction, and potential cardiovascular risks. Regular monitoring by a healthcare professional is crucial.
- Fertility: Testosterone can reduce fertility, and while some individuals may regain fertility after stopping testosterone, there’s no guarantee. Those considering future pregnancies might consult a fertility specialist before starting testosterone.
- Bone Health: Testosterone can have implications for bone density, especially in individuals who have had an oophorectomy (removal of ovaries) or are post-menopausal.
It’s essential for individuals considering testosterone therapy to work closely with experienced healthcare professionals to ensure appropriate dosing, monitoring of health parameters, and to address any potential side effects or concerns.