After male-to-female (MTF) bottom surgery, also known as vaginoplasty, there are several post-operative considerations and stages of recovery to be aware of:

  1. Immediate Post-Operative Phase:
    • Hospital Stay: The patient typically stays in the hospital for several days.
    • Pain Management: Pain is expected but can be managed with medications.
    • Dilation: The neo-vagina needs to be dilated with special dilators to prevent the vaginal canal from narrowing. This is an essential aspect of post-operative care and typically begins within a day or two of surgery.
    • Catheter: A urinary catheter may be in place for about a week to allow for bladder emptying since there will be initial swelling around the surgical site.
  2. Short-Term Recovery:
    • Activity Restrictions: Patients are often advised to avoid heavy lifting, vigorous activity, and sexual activity for 6-8 weeks.
    • Dilation: Dilation continues multiple times daily and gradually reduces in frequency over time. It’s a long-term commitment to maintain vaginal depth and width.
    • Hygiene: Proper care of the surgical site is essential to prevent infections. This may include cleaning and bathing guidelines.
  3. Long-Term Recovery:
    • Sensation: The neo-vagina and surrounding area may be numb initially. Sensation typically returns over weeks to months but can vary widely among individuals.
    • Sexual Activity: Once healed, many individuals can engage in penetrative sexual activity, but it’s essential to consult with the surgeon about when it’s safe to resume.
    • Continued Dilation: Depending on the surgical technique used and individual factors, dilation may need to continue long-term, though often with reduced frequency.
  4. Potential Complications:
    • Granulation tissue: Overgrowth of tissue in the vaginal canal, which may require treatment.
    • Stenosis: Narrowing of the vaginal opening or canal, underscoring the importance of regular dilation.
    • Fistulas: A rare complication where an abnormal connection forms between the vagina and the bladder or rectum.
    • Scarring: Some individuals may experience excessive scarring or keloid formation.
  5. Emotional and Psychological Aspects:
    • While many individuals feel relief and happiness after surgery, it’s also common to undergo emotional ups and downs. Continued support from mental health professionals, friends, and family can be beneficial.
  6. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT):
    • Most individuals continue with a form of HRT after surgery, but dosages may change, especially if the testes are removed during surgery, as they are a significant source of testosterone.
  7. Routine Medical Care:
    • It’s essential to have regular check-ups with the surgeon, especially in the first year post-op, to ensure proper healing and address any complications.
    • Routine gynecological care, like any other woman, may also be necessary, though without the need for Pap smears since the neo-vagina lacks cervical tissue.

It’s crucial for individuals considering or undergoing MTF bottom surgery to maintain close communication with their medical and mental health professionals, ensure they understand post-operative care requirements, and seek out support as needed.